The French government was heavily involved in the recent UN negotiations that led to the ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon. But French President Chirac was widely derided when he then announced that France would contribute only 200 troops to the international peacekeeping force. Within two weeks, France increased its commitment to 2000 personnel, part of a planned 15,000-man UN force in Lebanon.
France has a long history in this region. When the Treaty of Versailles divided the defeated Ottoman Empire in 1919, the League of Nations decided that four of its territories in the Middle East should be League of Nations mandates temporarily governed by the United Kingdom and France. The British were given Palestine and Iraq, while France was given mandate over the region of Lebanon and Syria.
In September 1920 France declared the creation of the State of Greater Lebanon, declaring Beirut as its capital. The new territory was granted a flag, merging the French Tricouleur with the Lebanese cedar. When the French government capitulated to the Germans in 1941, their mandate territories in the Middle East sided with the Nazis.
United Press correspondent Henry Tilton Gorrell was on the front lines during the fighting between the Allies and the Axis-supporting French Vichy government. In this fourth installment from his soon-to-be-published memoir “Eyewitness” (written in 1943 and currently being edited by GraniteGrok contributor Ken Gorrell), Henry reports on the fierce battles waged by the Allies to keep the region free from Nazi control.
The Allies had to take a lot of Vichy’s insolence prior to their decision to kick over the bucket and occupy North Africa, but the boys who swallowed the most were the Australians during the Syrian Campaign of June-July 1941.
Imagine a tough bunch of troops being told to go to war “with an olive branch in one hand and a grenade in the other.” And how’d you like to have been in their shoes when, proffering the olive branch under a white flag, they were mowed down by murderous machine-gun and mortar fire.